| 1,759 | 29 | 69 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
目的：探讨心智游移对羽毛球运动员认知运动决策和直觉运动决策表现的影响，以及言语工作记忆容量在其中的调节作用。方法：招募77名（二级及以上运动等级38名）羽毛球运动员，通过在决策任务中插入思维探针捕获注意状态，测量其在“心智游移”与“注意当前任务”两种状态下的决策正确率和反应时。结果：（1）低水平运动员的心智游移频率高于高水平运动员；（2）在认知运动决策中，心智游移降低了决策正确率、延长了决策反应时，对于言语工作记忆容量较低的运动员，“心智游移”状态下的决策正确率显著低于“注意当前任务”状态，而对于言语工作记忆容量较高的运动员，两种注意状态下的决策正确率无显著差异；（3）在直觉运动决策中，心智游移降低了决策正确率，对于言语工作记忆容量较高的高水平运动员，“心智游移”状态下的决策正确率低于“注意当前任务”状态，而对于言语工作记忆容量较低的高水平运动员，两种注意状态下的决策正确率无显著差异。结论：低水平运动员比高水平运动员更易发生心智游移；心智游移干扰运动员的运动决策效果；高言语工作记忆容量可以缓解心智游移对认知运动决策的不利影响，而高水平运动员的低言语工作记忆容量可以缓解心智游移对其直觉运动决策的不利影响。
Abstract：Objectives:The purpose of the study is to explore the influence of mind wandering on cognitive and intuitive decision-making of badminton players,and the moderating role of verbal working memory capacity on the relationship between mind wandering and decision-making in badminton. Methods:Seventy-seven badminton players(thirty-eight were of the national second level or above)were recruited into the experiment. The states of attention were assessed by inserting a thought probe into the decision-making task,and the accuracy and reaction time of decision-making were measured under both mind wandering and attention focusing conditions. Results:(1)The frequency of mind wandering of low-level athletes was higher than that of high-level athletes.(2)Mind wandering reduced the decision-making accuracy and prolonged the reaction time of cognitive decision-making. For athletes with low verbal working memory capacity,the accuracy of cognitive decision-making during mind wandering was significantly lower than that under attention focusing state;while for athletes with high verbal working memory capacity,there was no significant difference in the accuracy of cognitive decision-making between the two attention states.(3)Mind wandering reduced the accuracy of intuitive decision-making. For high-level athletes with high verbal working memory capacity,and the accuracy of intuitive decision-making during mind wandering was lower than that in focusing attention state,while for high-level athletes with low verbal working memory capacity,no significant difference was found between the two attention states. Conclusions:Mind wandering is more frequent in low-level athletes than in high-level athletes;mind wandering interferes with athletes' decision-making performance;high verbal working memory capacity can alleviate the adverse effects of mind wandering on cognitive sport decision-making,while low verbal working memory capacity can alleviate the adverse effects of mind wandering on intuitive sport decision-making of high-level athletes.
[1]李洁玲，田宝.运动员心智游移特点研究：来自静息态和任务态思维取样的证据[J].体育学刊，2018,25(6):79-84.
[2]SMALLWOOD J,SCHOOLER J W.The Restless Mind[J].Psychological Bulletin,2006,132(6):946-958.
[3]MONA I,NATALIE V D W C,MANSVELDER H D,et al.Negative mood and mind wandering increase long-range temporal correlations in attention fluctuations[J].Plo S one,2018,13(5):e0196907.
[4]BANKS J B,BOALS A.Understanding the role of mind wandering in stress-related working memory impairments[J].Cognition and Emotion,2017,31(5):1023-1030.
[5]FENG S,D’MELLO S,GRAESSER A C.Mind wandering while reading easy and difficult texts[J].Psychonomic bulletin&review,2013,20(3):586-592.
[6]段再复，张力为.解释比赛“Choking”的新视角：心智游移理论[J].体育科学，2017,37(2):37-46.
[7]程勇民.运动水平、知识表征及其年龄对羽毛球竞赛情景中直觉性运动决策的影响[J].体育科学，2006,26(1):88-97.
[8]王斌.男子手球运动员模拟运动情境中认知运动决策与直觉运动决策的差异[J].体育科学，2004,24(6):45-48.
[9]王洪彪.运动决策情境中认知加工理论模型的初步构建[J].沈阳体育学院学报，2013,32(3):28-32.
[10]BADDELEY A.The episodic buffer:a new component of working memory[J].Trends in cognitive sciences,2000,4(11):417-423.
[11]叶浣钰.情绪与工作记忆对羽毛球运动员决策的影响[D].北京：北京体育大学，2012.
[12]MCVAY J C,KANE M J.Does mind wandering reflect executive function or executive failure Comment on Smallwood and Schooler(2006)and Watkins(2008)[J].Psychological Bulletin,2010,136(2):188-197.
[13]SMALLWOOD J.Why the global availability of mind wandering necessitates resource competition:Reply to Mc Vay and Kane(2010)[J].Psychological Bulletin,2010,136:202-207.
[14]HOCKING D R,FRITSCHE S,FARHAT H,et al.Working memory is a core executive function supporting dual-task locomotor performance across childhood and adolescence[J].Journal of experimental child psychology,2020,197:104869.
[15]段再复，张力为，孙拥军，等.分心刺激对大学生运动员持续注意的影响[J].天津体育学院学报，2017,32(5):369-381+405.
[16]李华庆，迟立忠.视-空间工作记忆容量对篮球运动员防守预判的影响[J].天津体育学院学报，2019,34(2):172-178.
[17]冯琰，倪倩玉，魏佳凝.拳击运动员战术决策优势的认知神经机制[C].第二十地届全国心理学学术会议摘要集，2019:1931.
[18]WEINSTEIN Y,DELIMA H J,VAN DER ZEE T.Are you mindwandering,or is your mind on task?The effect of probe framing on mind-wandering reports[J].Psychonomic Bulletin&Review,2018,25(2):754-760.
[19]吴国来，周曼，阴晓娟，等.走神对中文阅读绩效的影响[J].心理与行为研究，2017,15(3):329-334.
[20]李洁玲，姚家新，李欣.持续注意任务活动中心智游移表现与干预方法研究[J].中国康复理论与实践，2017,23(4):470-474.
[21]COMPTON REBECCA J,GEARINGER DYLAN,WILD HANNAH.The wandering mind oscillates:EEG alpha power is enhanced during moments of mind-wandering[J].Cognitive,affective&behavioral neuroscience,2019,19(5):1184-1191.
[22]付颖颖，迟立忠.情绪调节策略对篮球运动员决策的影响：工作记忆容量的调节作用[J].北京体育大学学报，2016,39(4):72-79.
[23]VOSS M W,KRAMER A F,BASAK C,et al.Are expert athletes‘expert’in the cognitive laboratory?A metaanalytic review of cognition and sport expertise[J].Applied Cognitive Psychology,2010,24(6):812-826.
[24]叶浣钰，迟立忠.信息量与反应认知方式对羽毛球运动员决策速度、准确性的影响[J].北京体育大学学报，2010,33(11):117-120.
[25]韩晨.问题情境及技术等级对运动员直觉性思维的影响：对棒球运动员投一击球判断准确性和时间的实验[D].北京：北京体育大学，2000.
[26]KAM J W Y,DAO E,STANCIULESCU M,et al.Mind wandering and the adaptive control of attentional resources[J].Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience,2013,25(6):952-960.
[27]MASON M F,NORTON M I,VAN HORN J D,et al.Wandering minds:the default network and stimulus-independent thought[J].Science,2007,315(5810):393-395.
[28]GUSNARD D A,RAICHLE M E.Searching for a baseline:functional imaging and the resting human brain[J].Nature reviews neuroscience,2001,2(10):685-694.
[29]FOX K C R,SPRENG R N,ELLAMIL M,et al.The wandering brain:Meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies of mind-wandering and related spontaneous thought processes[J].Neuroimage,2015,111:611-621.
[30]GODWIN C A,HUNTER M A,BEZDEK M A,et al.Functional connectivity within and between intrinsic brain networks correlates with trait mind wandering[J].Neuropsychologia,2017,103:140-153.
[31]SMALLWOOD J,SCHOOLER J W.The Science of Mind Wandering:Empirically Navigating the Stream of Consciousness[J].Annual Review of Psychology,2015,66(1):487-518.
[32]DANE E,PRATT M G.Exploring intuition and its role in managerial decision making[J].Academy of management review,2007,32(1):33-54.
[33]KILLINGSWORTH M A,GILBERT D T.A wandering mind is an unhappy mind[J].Science,2010,330(6006):932-932.
[34]SIMON H A.Making management decisions:The role of intuition and emotion[J].Academy of Management Perspectives,1987,1(1):57-64.
[35]孔海燕，孙雨，宋广文.心智游移，工作记忆对初中生阅读理解的影响[J].心理与行为研究，2018,16(3):362-370+377.
[36]HE H,CHEN Q,WEI D,et al.Thought control ability moderates the effect of mind wandering on positive affect via the frontoparietal control network[J].Frontiers in psychology,2019,9:2791.
[37]毕翠华，黄希庭.工作记忆对时间加工的影响[J].心理科学进展，2012,20(12):1952-1961.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13297/j.cnki.issn1005-0000.2022.04.017
中图分类号:G847
引用信息:
[1]王晓婷,迟立忠,任鹏飞.心智游移对羽毛球运动决策的影响——言语工作记忆容量的调节作用[J].天津体育学院学报,2022,37(04):489-496.DOI:10.13297/j.cnki.issn1005-0000.2022.04.017.
基金信息:
科技部国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项（项目编号：2019YFF0301605）; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目（项目编号：2018ZD009）
2022-07-25
2022-07-25
2022-07-25