天津体育学院学报

兼顾公平与质量是《国家学生体质健康标准》发展的重要维度,但在实际发展中存在着一定的失衡,具体表现为:注重测试项目质量而忽视起点公平,制约着学生体育锻炼的选择性;侧重评分标准质量而忽视过程公平,限制着学生体育锻炼的积极性;偏重学校体育工作评价的结果公平而忽视外部质量,制约着学校体育工作的积极性;倚重免测规定的结果公平而忽视外部质量,影响着国家学生体质健康促进的成效;不健全的测试体系忽视过程公平与外部质量,影响着残障学生体育锻炼的积极性。《国家学生体质健康标准》发展中,公平与质量的失衡有其合理性和局限性,但公平与质量的兼顾发展与深度融合,才是其未来发展之路。具体思路与对策需要短期布局与长远规划,短期布局完善《国家学生体质健康标准》的制度及规定,在不降低质量的前提下强化公平,包括构建免测申请的评判标准,建立一体化的电子档案,构建针对病残学生的《国家学生体质健康标准》测试体系;长远规划改善人们的应试观念,在不降低公平的原则下提升质量,表现在建立强制与自由的《国家学生体质健康标准》测评体系。

The development of National Student Physical Fitness Standard should consider equity and quality simultaneously,but there are certain imbalances in the actual development,the concrete manifestations are as follows:neglects start equity in order for improve the quality of test items,that restricts students' choice of exercise;ignore the process equity in order to improve the quality of the score standard,which limits the students' enthusiasm for physical activity;ignore the end equity for the external quality of school sports work evaluation,which restricting the enthusiasm of the school to take part in sports work;test-freerules in order to improve end equity and neglect of external quality,which affect the effectiveness of national students' physical health promotion;the imperfecttesting system of Standard ignores the process equity and external quality,which affects the exercise enthusiasm of disabled students. The equity and quality im-balance development of National Student Physical Fitness Standard has its rationality and limitations,but taking into account the development simultaneouslyand integration deeply of equity and quality should be the future development paths. The specific ideas and measures need short-term layout and long-termplanning,The short-term layout are to improve the system and regulation of standard,strengthen the equity without reducing the quality,mainly including con-struct a evaluation criteria for test-free applications,establish an integrated electronic records,build a test system for disabled students. Long-term planning toimprove people's quality of the examination of ideas,improve the quality under the principle of without reducing the fairness,mainly including establish a evaluation system that combines constraint and freedom.