| 1,271 | 19 | 698 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
德国学者SCHWAZER于1992年提出了健康行动过程取向理论(HAPA),该理论同时具有阶段性和连续性的特点,并将锻炼行为分为无意向阶段、意向阶段和行动阶段。在无意向阶段,个体并没有要决定参加体育锻炼;在意向阶段,个体形成了参与身体锻炼的意向,但仍旧处于无运动或运动不足的状态;在行动阶段,个体进行充分的身体锻炼。前人研究已经证实,该模型可以对成年人锻炼行为进行有效预测和干预,但前人研究使用的阶段量表大多直接取材于TTM的5阶段测量方法,并不适合健康行动过程取向理论的3阶段模型。为了准确地测量个体所在的阶段,更好地检验HAPA模型的结构,进一步提高模型的解释力和预测力,促进青少年锻炼行为的提高,以辽宁和湖南部分中学生为被试,编制了青少年锻炼阶段量表。结果表明:(1)青少年锻炼行为可以分为无意向阶段、意向阶段和行动阶段;(2)使用锻炼阶段量表可以进行3个阶段的划分;(3)青少年锻炼阶段量表具有较高的信度和效度,是测量青少年锻炼阶段的有效工具。
Abstract：German scholar Schwazer proposed healthy action process approach(HAPA)in 1992,the theory had the characteristics of the stage and continu-ity at the same time,and exercise behavior was divided into pre-intention stage,the intention of the stage and the action stage. In order to accurately measurethe stage which individual belongs to,examine the structure of HAPA better,improve the explanatory power and predictive power of the model further,andpromote the participation of young people's exercise behavior,this study developed the Exercise Stage Scale Of Adolescents. The results showed that:(1)ad-olescent exercise behavior can be divided into three stages:the pre-intention stage,the intention of the stage and the action stage;(2)this scale can be usedto divided exercise behavior into three stages;(3)Exercise Stage Scale Of Adolescents has high reliability and validity,which is an effective tool for measur-ing the phase of adolescent exercise stages.
[1]FIELD A E,GORDON C M,PIERCE L M.Prospective study of physical activity and risk of developing a stress fracture among preadolescent and adolescent girls[J].Archives of Pediatrics&Adolescent Medicine,2011,165(8):723-728.
[2]NIVEN A,FAWKNER S,KNOWLES A.Social physique anxiety and physical activity in early adolescent girls:the influence of maturation and physhcal activity motives[J].Journal of Sports Science,2009,27(3):299-305.
[3]DRIVER S,EDE A.Impact of physical activity on mood after TBI[J].Brain Injury,2009,23(3):203-212.
[4]金亚虹,刘敬雯,姚家新,等.青少年锻炼认知与行为的选择及其制约因素[J].上海体育学院学报,2013(4):51-55.
[5]EVERSON E S,DALEY A J,USSHER M.Does exercise have an acute effect on desire to smoke,mood and withdrawal symptoms in abstaining adolescent smokers?[J].Addictive Behavior,2006,31(9):1547-1558.
[6]曹佃省.锻炼技能作为青少年行为意向与锻炼行为间的调节变量[J].西安体育学院学报,2013(3):1-10.
[7]庞庆军,李银萍,齐立斌.青少年身体自我概念与参与体育锻炼的关系研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2008,16(6):668-671.
[8]SCHMALA D L,DEANE G D,BIRCH L L.A longitudinal assessment of the links between physical activity and self-esteem in early adolescent non-hispoanic females[J].Journal of Adolescent Health,2007,41(6):559-565.
[9]陈作松,季浏.身体锻炼对高中学生主观幸福感的影响及其心理机制[J].心理学报,2006,38(4):562-575.
[10]曹佃省,谢光荣.社会支持在青少年课外锻炼性别差异中的作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2009,17(6):702-705.
[11]张绍礼,宋学岷,门传胜,等.初中省青少年生活方式和体育锻炼行为成因分析[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2011,30(3):106-110.
[12]乔玉成.青少年锻炼习惯的养成机制及影响因素[J].体育学刊,2011,18(3):87-94.
[13]中共中央国务院关于加强青少年体育增强青少年体质的意见[J].中国学校卫生,2007,28(6):481-483.
[14]SCHWARZER R.Self-efficacy:thought control of action[M].Washington,D.C.:Hemisphere,1992.
[15]沈梦英.中国成年人锻炼行为的干预策略:TPB与HAPA两个模型的整合[D].北京:北京体育大学,2011.
[16]LIPPKE S,ZIEGELMANN J P,SCHWARZER R.Stage specific adoption and maintenance of physical activity:testing a three-stage model[J].Psychology of Sport&Exercise,2005,6:585-603.
[17]SCHWARZER R.Some Burning Issues in Research on Health Behavior Change[J].Applied Psychology:An International Review,2008,57(1):84-93.
[18]方敏.青少年锻炼行为阶段变化与变化过程的关系[J].西安体育学院学报,2011,28(3):349-355.
[19]谢龙,赵东平,严进洪.青少年锻炼态度与行为的关系性研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2009,24(1):72-74.
[20]曹佃省,谢光荣.健康行为程式模型阶段非连续性在青少年锻炼行为中的检验[J].武汉体育学院学报,2011,45(2):38-42.
[21]邱芬,崔德刚,杨剑.基于运动承诺大学生体育锻炼行为的影响因素研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2011(5):22-27.
[22]CHIU C Y,LYNCH R T,CHAN F,et al.The Health Action Process Approach as a Motivational Model for Physical Activity Self-Management for People With Multiple Sclerosis:A Path Analysis[J].Rehabilitation Psychology,2011,56(3):171-181.
[23]江铁峰.我国大学生体育锻炼行为变化阶段(连续性测量)量表和变化程序量表的编制研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2007.
[24]CARDINAL B J,TUOMINEN K J,PINTALA P.Cross Cultural Comparison Of American And Finnish College Student’s Exereise Behavior Using Transtheoretical Model Constructs[J].Researeh Of Exereise,2004,75(l):92-101.
[25]毛志雄.中国部分项目运动员对兴奋剂的态度和意向:TRA与TPB两个理论模型的检验[D].北京:北京体育大学,2001.
[26]金瑜.心理测量[M].2版.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2007.
[27]张力为.赛前情绪状态的因素结构、自陈评定及注意特征[D].北京:北京体育大学,1999.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13297/j.cnki.issn1005-0000.2014.01.013
中图分类号:G804.8
引用信息:
[1]董文博,毛志雄.青少年锻炼阶段量表的编制——以健康行为过程理论HAPA为基础[J].天津体育学院学报,2014,29(01):42-46.DOI:10.13297/j.cnki.issn1005-0000.2014.01.013.
基金信息:
“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(项目编号:2012BAK21B03-2)
2014-01-25
2014-01-25