天津体育学院学报

随机原则是实验设计的基本原则之一，是控制选择偏差、分配偏差，提高实验可比性的主要方法。违背随机原则，将给实验效度带来威胁，进而影响研究质量。在体育科学实验中，应用随机原则的常见问题主要包括滥用“随机抽样”一词、随机分配方法缺失、随机分配程序不详、忽视分层随机分配、忽视随机分配隐藏和随意安排实验顺序等6个问题。这些问题的存在会给体育科学实验研究带来偏差，进而影响研究质量。为合理把握随机原则，提高体育科学实验研究的有效性，从基于随机原则设计实验、使用正确的随机分配方法、清晰交代随机程序3个方面提出具体应用规范。提出从随机抽样、随机分配序列产生、分配隐藏、实施过程4个方面编制体育科学实验设计中应用随机原则的自检清单，旨在为体育科学实验研究者提供检查指导，进而提高实验设计的有效性和研究质量。

Randomization principle is one of the basic principles of experimental design,and it is the main method to control selection bias,assignment bias and improve the comparability of experiments. Violating the randomization principle will threaten the validity of the experiment,and then affect the quality of the research. Common problems in the application of random principle in sports science experiments include :abuse of the word“random sampling”,lack of random allocation method,unknown random allocation procedure,neglect of stratified random allocation,neglect of random allocation hiding,arranging experiment order at will,etc. The existence of these problems will bring the deviation to the sports science experimental research,and then affect the research quality. In order to grasp the random principle reasonably and improve the effectiveness of sports science experimental research,this paper puts forward specific suggestions from three aspects:designing experiments based on the principle of randomization,using the correct method of randomization,and clearly explaining the randomization program. Finally,this paper compiled a self-check list of the application of random principle in sports science experiment design from four aspects:random sampling,random distribution sequence generation,random allocation hiding,and implementation process,aiming to provide inspection guidance for sports science experiment researchers,and thus improve the effectiveness of experimental design and research quality.