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目的:检验不同年龄段儿童基本运动技能与其自我知觉的关系。方法:采用随机抽样原则抽取上海市278名49岁儿童,对其基本运动技能(使用大肌肉动作发展测验第3版,TGMD-3)及其自我知觉(使用基本运动技能知觉图片量表-TGMD-3版本)进行测试。分别采用独立样本T检验和Pearson相关系数来考察两者的性别差异和相关程度,然后以基本运动技能自我知觉为自变量、以基本运动技能为因变量进行线性回归分析,以检验两者之间关系。结果:学龄前期儿童的基本运动技能自我知觉、位移技能及总体基本运动技能水平和学龄期儿童的位移技能均不存在显著的性别差异(P>0.05),49岁男童的球类技能、学龄期男童的总体基本运动技能以及学龄期男童的基本运动技能自我知觉均显著好于女童(P<0.05);学龄前期儿童的基本运动技能与其自我知觉均不存在显著相关(P>0.05),而学龄期儿童的基本运动技能与其自我知觉均存在较低相关(r=0.180.32,P<0.05);学龄期儿童的位移技能和总体基本运动技能自我知觉均可显著预测其位移技能(β=0.303,t=4.193,P<0.001)和总体基本运动技能(β=0.245,t=3.667,P<0.001)。结论:幼小阶段儿童的基本运动技能和小学儿童的基本运动技能自我知觉均存在显著的性别差异。随着年龄的增长,儿童的基本运动技能与其自我知觉的关系逐渐增强。学龄期儿童的位移技能自我知觉和总体基本运动技能自我知觉对其位移和总体基本运动技能具有显著正向预测作用。
Abstract：Purpose:To examine the associations between fundamental movement skills(FMS)and perceived movement skills competence(PMSC)of children inkindergarten and primary school independently. Methods:By employing the Test of Gross Motor Development third version(TGMD-3)and the pictorial scale ofPMSC(PMSC-TGMD-3 version),a total of 278 children aged 4 to 9 from 2 kindergartens and 2 primary schools in Shanghai,who was selected by random sam-pling,were tested. Independent t-tests assessed sex differences;Pearson correlation coefficient assessed the correlation between FMS and PFMS;multiple re-gression models(with locomotor skills,ball skills and all FMS as outcomes)were performed with all predictor variables(perceived locomotor skills,perceivedball skills and perceived all FMS)by adjusted age and sex. Results:There were no significant sex differences in each domain(P>0.05)except ball skills for chil-dren which boys were more competent than girls in kindergarten,while girls' skills were lower than boys in each domain(P<0.01)except actual locomotor skillsin primary school. There were no significant correlations between actual FMS and perceived FMS(P>0.05)of children in kindergarten while there were low corre-lations between actual FMS and perceived FMS(r=0.18-0.32,P<0.01)of children in primary school. For children in primary school,perceived locomotor skillsand perceived all FMS could significantly predict their actual locomotor skills(β=0.303,t=4.193,P<0.001)and all FMS(β=0.245,t=3.667,P <0.001)indepen-dently. Conclusions:There are sex differences in FMS and PFMS both for children in kindergarten and primary school whereas the significant sex differences on-ly occur in primary school children. The correlation between FMS and PFMS is stronger(low significant correlations)for primary school children than kindergar-ten children(no significant correlations). Both perceived locomotor skill and PFMS have significant and positive predictive effects on actual locomotor skill andFMS of children in primary school.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13297/j.cnki.issn1005-0000.2017.04.008
中图分类号:G804.8
引用信息:
[1]刁玉翠,董翠香,李静.4～9岁儿童基本运动技能与其自我知觉的关系研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2017,32(04):326-331.DOI:10.13297/j.cnki.issn1005-0000.2017.04.008.
基金信息:
山东省哲学社会科学研究规划资助项目(项目编号:16CTYJ04)
2017-07-25
2017-07-25