天津体育学院学报

采用文献资料、实地调研、参与观察等研究方法,基于文化、社会、教育、历史等学科理论对现阶段中小学武术教育的不足进行了原点性反思。研究认为,国家政策的小心翼翼与富有弹性致使其对中小学武术教育的支持呈现出心有余而力不足的态势;操作层面上,围绕教学实践的"教什么?谁来教?怎么教?"的问题长时间缺乏实质上的提升:武术文化教育的可有可无与不接地气、技术教学的不合时宜与适得其反;师资的短缺与应有水平的难以维持;传统教法的抛弃与现代教法的祛魅等是影响中小学武术教育务实推进的关键因素。基于此,提出了针对性较强的改进策略:外部的加大中小学武术教育政策支持力度;内部的重视科学传授武术理论、构建"一校一拳打练并进"的技术教学内容与"强化套路突出技击"教学模式、明确师资身份的特殊性和荣誉感、教法的"返魅"是务实推进中小学武术教育的顶层设计,以期为后续改革提供启蒙式的智力支持。

Based on the discipline theory of culture,society,education and history,we carried out original introspection on the shortage of Wushu education in the present primary and middle schools,with the research methods of documentation,field survey,and participant observation. We think that national policy'scrupulousness and high resilience makes its supports for Wushu education in primary and middle schools unable to do what one hopes to do. In operating level,"what to be taught,who will teach and how to teach"in the teaching practice are the lack of a substantially improve for a long time:Wushu culture education′ optional and no ground,inappropriate teaching and counterproductive,and the shortage of teachers and should be difficult to maintain the level,the abandonment of traditional teaching methods and the disenchantment of modern teaching methods,etc. are the key factors influencing on pragmatic advance of Wushu education in education in primary and middle schools. Base on this,puts forward the corresponding improvement strategies:Government shouldstreng then the support of Wushu education in primary and middle schools;Schools should pay attention to the scientific teaching of Wushu theory,set up the scientific teaching contents of"One School,One Fist;Competition and Practice at the Same Time"and the teaching model of"Strengthening Martial Arts Routine and Actual Combat". School should make the particularity and sense of honor of teacher identity clear,the teaching method of"re-enchantment"are the top-level design of the primary and middle schools Wushu education's advancement,which offers enlightening intellectual support to its reforms afterwards.