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目的:探究篮球运动员在不同运动强度干预下的多目标追踪成绩,借助眼动技术,分析篮球运动员与普通大学生两群体的注视策略差异,丰富运动员的心理选材依据,为多目标追踪过程的理论争议提供跨人群、跨情景支持。方法:选取60名二级及以上篮球运动员,60名普通大学生,运动强度干预分为基线、低、中、高强度,使用MOT范式及眼动仪考察和分析追踪成绩和眼动注视特征。结果:(1)中等运动强度干预对两群体均有显著积极影响,高强度存在显著消极影响。(2)总体而言,篮球运动员的多目标追踪成绩低于普通大学生,眼动分析的结果与以往研究不同,篮球运动员注视其他区域的时间显著多于普通大学生,进一步将注视目标与其他区域的时间合并,并与注视中心区域的时间进行比较后发现,两者间的时间百分比不存在显著差异。结论:中等运动强度下的干预有助于赛场水平的最佳发挥,相较于普通人群,篮球运动员具有对目标未来走向趋势的预测能力,其灵活的眼动注视策略为视觉索引和多焦点注意理论的并存提供了有力证据。
Abstract：Objective: To evaluate effects of different exercise intensity on multiple object tracking of basketball players with eye movement technique,whichcan analyze the gaze strategies between two different participants,basketball players and undergraduate students,and enrich theoretical references for psy-chological selection of players. Methods: We choose sixty basketball players who have already gained secondary level and above rating and sixty undergradu-ate students who have no experiences as athletes. The subjects were divided into four groups: baseline,low cycling exercise,moderate cycling exercise andhigh cycling exercise. Multiple object tracking task and eye tracker were used to analyze the performance of task and the trait of eye movements. Results: 1)Moderate cycling exercise had a positive influence onmultipleobject tracking;however,the high one had a negative impact. 2)Overall,the tracking accura-cy of basketball players was lower. The results of eye movement analyses were different from others. Compare with undergraduate students,basketball play-ers put more duration attention on other area. Furthermore,we accumulated the duration of target and other area to compare with the duration of the center ar-ea,which indicated there are no significant differences between them. Conclusions: The effect of moderate cycling exercise helps perform best before games.Basketball players tend to predict the location of objects and their flexible gaze strategy suggests the visual index theory and multi-focal attention theory areall suitable.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13297/j.cnki.issn1005-0000.2016.04.015
中图分类号:G841
引用信息:
[1]龚然,陈听,岳小祺,等.不同运动强度对篮球运动员多目标追踪影响及眼动分析[J].天津体育学院学报,2016,31(04):358-363.DOI:10.13297/j.cnki.issn1005-0000.2016.04.015.
基金信息:
北京体育大学课题(项目编号:2016RB025);; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(项目编号:2016RB0252016ZD004);; 国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:2016RB02531500887)
2016-07-25
2016-07-25