天津体育学院学报

分析羽毛球常用步法的足底压力特征,为减少羽毛球运动中下肢损伤(特别是足部损伤)提供建议,并希望成为羽毛球鞋具设计的依据。利用足底压力测试系统对高水平羽毛球运动员左前场蹬跨步、右前场蹬跨步、一步蹬转起跳等常用步法动作进行测试。结果发现3种步法在离地阶段,足前区的内侧跖骨区以及大拇趾和第1、2跖骨区的最大压力均高于其他部位(P<0.05);着地阶段,蹬跨步是把足底压力集中于脚后跟和足外侧进行缓冲制动,蹬转起跳步则把压力集中于大拇趾以及第1、2跖骨区(P<0.05)。由此可见,羽毛球运动员应注意在采用不同步法时,足前区和足跟区中部及足外侧的负荷变化,并尽可能地选择穿着能够分散上述区域压力的专项鞋来避免足部受力的过度集中。

The purpose of this study was to explore the plantar pressure distribution characteristics in badminton footwork in order to improve athletes' abil-ity of technical movement and give suggestions for reducing the risk of lower limbs injury.The foot pressure analysis system was used to test athletes' com-mon technical movement,such as left front lunge step,right front lunge step and revolve to jump.The results showed that the forefoot medial metatarsal,the first toe,the first metatarsal and the second metatarsal had pressure higher than other areas (P<0.05)in technical movement during toe off.However plantar pressure is concentrated in the heel and lateral foot to buffer brake in front lunge step,but in revolve to jump pressure is concentrated in the first toe,the first metatarsal and the second metatarsal(P<0.05).Therefore,more attention should be paid to the rapid load change on forefoot,heel and lateral foot when applying different footwork.Badminton players may also choose the shoes,which can disperse pressure in mentioned regions,to prevent the excessive forces on the foot.