| 1,561 | 6 | 109 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
聚组训练作为抗阻训练的一种新型组织方式，已引起理论与实践界深入关注，但有关聚组训练的结构类型、理论基础、与传统抗阻训练的效果差异及其作用机理等都有待开展深入细致的研究。现有研究表明：聚组训练主要包括组内间歇结构、重复间休息式结构、组间休息重分配结构、休息暂停结构和等比休息结构5种；不论是在急性还是长期训练效应上，与传统抗阻训练相比，其在爆发力、肌肉力量、肌肉耐力和动作速度保持等方面的积极效应相对明显；其效应机理主要与聚组训练结构方式所导致的能量消耗与恢复过程变化、神经—肌肉疲劳与恢复效果改变，练习过程中动作机械性能的改善以及主观疲劳感明显下降等有直接关系。
Abstract：In recent years,Cluster Structure(CS),as a new organization mode of resistance training,has aroused deep concern in theory and practice. Nevertheless,the structure classification,theoretical fundament and the difference between cluster training and traditional resistance training need to be studied in depth and in detail. Related studies have shown that,CS mainly includes five types:intra-set rest,inter-repetition rest,rest redistribution,rest-pause method,equal work-to-rest ratio. In terms of acute training effect and long-term training effect,there are some positive effects in power,muscle strength,maintenance and speed of movement compared with traditional resistance training. The mechanisms of them are mainly related to the change of energy consumption and recovery,the change of nerve and muscle fatigue and recovery effect,the improvement of action mechanical properties and subjective fatigue decreased significantly in CS training.
[1]KRAEMER W J,RATAMESS N A. Fundamentals of resistance training:progression and exercise prescription[J]. Medicine&science in sports&exercise,2004,36(4):674-688.
[2]EVETOVICH T K. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults[J]. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,2009,41(6):1351-1351.
[3]CARROLL T J,Riek S,CARSON R G.Neural adaptations to resistance training:implications for movement control[J]. Sports medicine,2001,31(12):829-840.
[4]GIRMAN J C,JONES M T,MATTHEWS T D,et al. Acute effects of a cluster-set protocol on hormonal,metabolic and performance measures in resistance-trained males[J]. European journal of sport science,2014,14(2):151-159.
[5]OLIVERl J M,KREUTZER A,JENKE S,et al.Acute response to cluster sets in trained and untrained men[J]. European Journal of Applied Physiology,2015,115(11):2383-2393.
[6]TUFANO J J,BROWN L E,HAFF G G.Theoretical and practical aspects of different cluster set structures:a systematic review[J]. J Strength Cond Res,2017,31(3):848-867.
[7]HAFF G G,HOBBS R T,HAFF E E,et al.Cluster training:a novel method for introducing training program variation[J]. Strength&Conditioning Journal,2008,30(1):67-76.
[8]HAFF G G,WHITLEY A,MCCOY L B,et al. Effects of different set configurations on barbell velocity and displacement during a clean pull[J]. J Strength Cond Res,2003,17(1):95-103.
[9]HARDEE J P,TRIPLETT N T,UTTER A C,et al. Effect of interrepetition rest on power output in the power clean[J]. J Strength Cond Res,2012,26(4):883-889.
[10]HANSEN K T,CRONIN J B,PICKERING S L,et al. Does cluster loading enhance lower body power development in preseason preparation of elite rugby union players?[J]. Journal of Strength&Conditioning Research,2011,25(8):2118-2126.
[11]HANSEN K T,CRONIN J B,NEWTON M J. The effect of cluster loading on force,velocity,and power during ballistic jump squat training[J]. Int J Sports Physiol Perform,2011,6(4):455-468.
[12]IGLESIAS-SOLER E,MAYO X,RIO-RODRIGUEZ D,et al. Inter-repetition rest training and traditional set configuration produce similar strength gains without cortical adaptations[J]. Journal of Sports Sciences,2016,34(15):1473-1484.
[13]HAFF G G,BURGESS S,STONE M H. Cluster training:theoretical and practical applications for the strength and conditioning professional[J]. Prof Strength Cond,2008,(12):12-17.
[14]IGLESIAS-SOLER E,CARBALLEIRA E,SANCHEZ-OTERO T,et al. Performance of maximum number of repetitions with cluster-set configuration[J]. Int J Sports Physiol Perform,2014,9(4):637-642.
[15]DENTON J,CRONIN J B. Kinematic,kinetic,and blood lactate profiles of continuous and intraset rest loading schemes[J]. The Journal of Strength&Conditioning Research,2006,20(3):528-534.
[16]GIRMAN J C,JONES M T,MATTHEWS T D,et al. Acute effects of a cluster-set protocol on hormonal,metabolic and performance measures in resistance-trained males[J]. Eur J Sport Sci,2014,14(2):151-159.
[17]TUFANO J J,CONLON J A,NIMPHIUS S,et al. Maintenance of velocity and power with cluster sets during high-volume back squats[J]. Int J Sports Physiol Perform,2016,11(7):885-892.
[18]RIO-RODRIGUEZ D,IGLESIAS-SOLER E,DEL OLMO M F. Set configuration in resistance exercise:muscle fatigue and cardiovascular effects[J]. Plos One,2016,11(3):e0151163.
[19]HAFF G G,BURGESS S,STONE M H. Cluster training:theoretical and practical applications for the strength and conditioning professional[J]. Prof Strength Cond,2008,12:12-17.
[20]BOULLOSA D A,ABREU L,BELTRAME L G,et al. The acute effect of different half squat set configurations on jump potentiation[J].J Strength Cond Res,2013,27(8):2059-2066.
[21]MORENO S D,BROWN L E,COBURN J W,et al. Effect of cluster sets on plyometric jump power[J]. The Journal of Strength&Conditioning Research,2014,28(9):2424-2428.
[22]GARCIA-RAMOS A,PADIAL P,HAFF G G,et al. Effect of Different Interrepetition Rest Periods on Barbell Velocity Loss During the Ballistic Bench Press Exercise[J]. J Strength Cond Res,2015,29(9):2388-2396.
[23]HARDEE J P,TRIPLETT N T,UTTER A C,et al. Effect of interrepetition rest on power output in the power clean[J]. The Journal of Strength&Conditioning Research,2012,26(4):883-889.
[24]TUFANO J J,BROWN L E,HAFF G G. Theoretical and practical aspects of different cluster set structures:a systematic review[J]. The Journal of Strength&Conditioning Research,2017,31(3):848-867.
[25]WETMORE A B,WAGLE J P,SAMS M L,et al. Cluster set loading in the back squat:kinetic and kinematic implications[J]. The Journal of Strength&Conditioning Research,2019,33(Suppl 1):S19-S25.
[26]MAYO X,IGLESIAS-SOLER E,FERNANDEZ-DEL-OLMO M.Effects of set configuration of resistance exercise on perceived exertion[J]. Perceptual and Motor Skills,2014,119(3):825-837.
[27]TUFANO J J,CONLON J A,NIMPHIUS S,et al. Cluster sets:permitting greater mechanical stress without decreasing relative velocity[J]. International journal of sports physiology and performance,2017,12(4):463-469.
[28]BURD N A,HOLWERDA A M,SELBY K C,et al. Resistance exercise volume affects myofibrillar protein synthesis and anabolic signalling molecule phosphorylation in young men[J]. Journal of Physiology-London,2010,588(16):3119-3130.
[29]JOY J M,OLIVER J M,MCCLEARY S A,et al. Power output and electromyography activity of the back squat exercise with cluster sets[J]. J Sports Sci,2013(1):37-45.
[30]HARDEE J P,LAWRENCE M M,ZWETSLOOT K A,et al. Effect of cluster set configurations on power clean technique[J]. Journal of Sports Sciences,2013,31(5):488-496.
[31]OLIVER J M,KREUTZER A,JENKE S,et al. Acute response to cluster sets in trained and untrained men[J]. European Journal of Applied Physiology,2015,115(11):2383-2393.
[32]IGLESIAS E,BOULLOSA D A,DOPICO-CALVO X,et al. Analysis of factors that influence the maximum number of repetitions in two upper-body resistance exercises:curl biceps and bench press[J].Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2010,24(6):1566-1572.
[33]LATELLA C,TEO W P,DRINKWATER E J,et al. The acute neuromuscular responses to cluster set resistance training:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Sports Medicine,2019,49(12):1861-1877.
[34]OLIVER J M,JAGIM A R,SANCHEZ A C,et al. Greater gains in strength and power with intraset rest intervals in hypertrophic training[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2013,27(11):3116-3131.
[35]ZARAS N,STASINAKI A N,MPAMPOULIS T,et al. Effect of inter-repetition rest vs. Traditional resistance training on the upper body strength rate of force development and triceps brachii muscle architecture[J]. Journal of Human Kinetics,2022,81(1):189-198.
[36]GOTO K,ISHII N,KIZUKA T,et al. The impact of metabolic stress on hormonal responses and muscular adaptations[J]. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,2005,37(6):955-963.
[37]ZAREZADEH-MEHRIZI A,AMINAI M,AMIRI-KHORASANI M. Effects of traditional and cluster resistance training on explosive power in soccer players[J]. Iran J Health Phys Act,2013,4(1):51-56.
[38]DUDLEY G A. Metabolic consequences of resistive-type exercise[J]. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,1988,20(5):S158-S161.
[39]ARAZI H,KHANMOHAMMADI A,ASADI A,et al. The effect of resistance training set configuration on strength,power,and hormonal adaptation in female volleyball players[J]. Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism,2018,43(2):154-164.
[40]DAVIES T B,HALAKI M,ORR R,et al. Changes in bench press velocity and power after 8 weeks of high-load clusteror traditional-set structures[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2020,34(10):2734-2742.
[41]SAMSON A,PILLAI P S. Effect of Cluster Training Versus Traditional Training on Muscular Strength among Recreationally Active Males-A Comparative Study[J]. Indian Journal of Physiotherapy&Occupational Therapy,2018,12(1):122-127.
[42]PEREIRA M I R,GOMES P S C. Movement velocity in resistance training[J]. Sports medicine,2003,33(6):427-438.
[43]CREWTHER B,CRONIN J,KEOGH J. Possible stimuli for strength and power adaptation[J]. Sports Medicine,2005,35(11):967-989.
[44]TABER C,BELLON C,ABBOTT H,et al. Roles of maximal strength and rate of force development in maximizing muscular power[J]. Strength and Conditioning Journal,2016,38(1):71-78.
[45]ZARAS N,STASINAKI A N,SPILIOPOULOU P,et al. Effect of inter-repetition rest vs. traditional strength training on lower body strength,rate of force development,and muscle architecture[J]. Applied Sciences,2020,11(1):1-12.
[46]DAVIES T B,TRAN D L,HOGAN C M,et al. Chronic effects of altering resistance training set configurations using cluster sets:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Sports Medicine,2021,51(4):707-736.
[47]SUCHOMEL T J,NIMPHIUS S,STONE M H. The importance of muscular strength in athletic performance[J]. Sports Medicine,2016,46(10):1419-1449.
[48]DIAS R K N,PENNA E M,NORONHA A S N,et al. Cluster-sets resistance training induce similar functional and strength improvements than the traditional method in postmenopausal and elderly women[J]. Experimental gerontology,2020,138(9):111011.
[49]FARINAS J,MAYO X,GIRALDEZ-GARCIA M A,et al.Set configuration in strength training programs modulates the cross education phenomenon[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2021,35(9):2414-2420.
[50]PRESTES J,TIBANA R A,DE ARAUJO SOUSA E,et al. Strength and muscular adaptations after 6 weeks of rest-pause vs. traditional multiple-sets resistance training in trained subjects[J]. The Journal of Strength&Conditioning Research,2019,33(Suppl 1):S113-S121.
[51]JENKINS N D M,HOUSH T J,BUCKNER S L,et al. Neuromuscular adaptations after 2 and 4 weeks of 80%versus 30%1 repetition maximum resistance training to failure[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2016,30(8):2174-2185.
[52]SCHOENFELD B J,PETERSON M D,OGBORN D,et al. Effects of low-vs.High-load resistance training on muscle strength and hypertrophy in well-trained men[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2015,29(10):2954-2963.
[53]FARINAS J,MAYO X,GIRALDEZ-GARCIA M A,et al. Set configuration in strength training programs modulates the cross education phenomenon[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2021,35(9):2414-2420.
[54]IGLESIAS-SOLER E,FERNANDEZ-DEL-OLMO M,MAYO X,et al. Changes in the force-velocity mechanical profile after short resistance training programs differing in set configurations[J]. Journal of Applied Biomechanics,2017,33(2):144-152.
[55]SCHOENFELD B J,RATAMESS N A,PETERSON M D,et al. Effects of different volume-equated resistance training loading strategies on muscular adaptations in well-trained men[J]. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,2014,28(10):2909-2918.
[56]ZANCHI N E,LANCHA A H. Mechanical stimuli of skeletal muscle:implications on mTOR/p70s6k and protein synthesis[J]. European Journal of Applied Physiology,2008,102(3):253-263.
[57]STRAGIER S,BAUDRY S,CARPENTIER A,et al. Efficacy of a new strength training design:the 3/7 method[J]. European Journal of Applied Physiology,2019,119(5):1093-1104.
[58]SAHLIN K R,REN J M. Relation of contraction capacity to metabolic changes during recovery from a fatiguing contraction[J]. Journal of Applied Physiology,1989,67(2):648-654.
[59]GOROSTIAGA E M,NAVARRO-AMEZQUETA I,CALBET J A L,et al. Energy metabolism during repeated sets of leg press exercise leading to failure or not[J]. PloS one,2012,7(7):e40621.
[60]HARRIS R C,EDWARDS R H T,HULTMAN E,et al. The time course of phosphorylcreatine resynthesis during recovery of the quadriceps muscle in man[J]. Pflügers Archiv,1976,367(2):137-142.
[61]SALVADOR A F,ASKOW A T,MCKENNA C F,et al. Resistance exercise-induced regulation of muscle protein synthesis to intraset rest[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc,2020,52(5):1022-1030.
[62]HATFIELD D L,KRAEMER W J,SPIERING B A,et al. The impact of velocity of movement on performance factors in resistance exercise[J]. Journal of Strength&Conditioning Research,2006,20(4):760-766.
[63]SANCHEZ-MEDINA L,GONZALEZ-BADILLO J J. Velocity loss as an indicator of neuromuscular fatigue during resistance training[J]. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,2011,43(9):1725-1734.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13297/j.cnki.issn1005-0000.2024.05.016
中图分类号:G808.1
引用信息:
[1]钟军,余银,王喻琪,等.聚组训练研究前沿：结构类型、训练效应与作用机理[J].天津体育学院学报,2024,39(05):612-620.DOI:10.13297/j.cnki.issn1005-0000.2024.05.016.
基金信息:
教育部人文社会科学研究项目（项目编号：21YJC890039）
2024-10-15
2024-10-15
2024-10-15