天津体育学院学报

从人文地理学视角出发,关注体育文化现象的空间布局和扩散,利用数理统计、空间集聚模型和时空轨迹演化等方法,对中国顶级职业足球俱乐部时空演化的动力和机制进行解析。研究发现:(1)我国顶级职业足球俱乐部在城市经济发展水平更高城市出现的频次更高,在第三产业繁荣城市出现的频次更高,与城市人口规模及其消费能力密切相关;(2)职业化20年来,其投资主体经历了国有资本逐步退出,民间资本不断扩张的过程,外资在总量上一直较为有限且总体上不断趋于弱化,投资主体的行业属性从传统制造业转变为垄断性行业(烟酒、医药、能源等),再到后期转变为地产、金融及信息技术等新兴行业;(3)行政力量干预和体制机制改革等政治因素是影响我国顶级职业足球俱乐部时空分布和演化的重要方面,城市足球文化积累、足球人才培养和储备等文化因素则是更深层次和长周期的影响因素;(4)我国顶级职业足球俱乐部的时空分布和演化主要有保持、扩散、重组和解散4种模式,其动力来自城市社会、经济、政治、文化的共同作用,其中社会经济背景是中国顶级职业足球俱乐部布局和演化的前提和基础,行政力量和投资主体是影响其布局和塑造其空间格局最直接和重要的推动力量,而文化因素则是其存在和发展的无形保障和持续动力。

From the perspective of human geography,this paper analyzed the driving forces and mechanism of the spatial distribution and evolution of thetop professional football club based on mathematical statistics,spatial agglomeration model and spatial-temporal trajectory methods. The results showed that:(1)The number of top professional football club is relevant to the urban economic development,tertiary industry. More top professional football clubs are lo-cated in the cities with more rapid economic development and cities whose tertiary industry is well developed. It is also related with sufficient urban popula-tion possessing strong purchasing power.(2)Since the Chinese football team became professionalized during the two decades,the main investor had changedfrom the governmental investor to the non-governmental investor. However,the foreign investment on the Chinese football team was not only limited but alsobecame less and less. Meanwhile,the industry that main investor belonged to changed twice from the traditional manufacturing to monopoly industry such asliquor-making industry and tobacco industry,pharmaceutical and energy industry,then to emerging industry including real estate,finance and informationtechnology etc.(3)Political factors including administrative intervention and structural reform is of great importance to the spatial distribution and evolution-ary mechanism of the top professional football club in China. Culture factors including urban football culture and football talent training affect it deeply for along time.(4)Four types of evolutions of top professional football clubs are maintaining,diffusion,reorganization and dissolving,which are formed because ofurban society,economy,politics and culture. The social economy is a basis and precondition for the spatial distribution and evolution of the top professionalfootball club in China. The administrative power and main investors are the important and direct driving force affecting distribution of the top professionalfootball club. Cultural factors ensure the development of the top professional football club.